Monday, September 30, 2019
Privacy by default
The word ââ¬Ëpervasive' is indicative of the intrusive nature of TIT, as can be evidenced by two of its features, namely data collected would come from various origins, and that it would be done without the user's awareness. The paper highlights five objectives to be achieved for TIT to avoid being misused and end up harming the users. The right of deletion, the right to be forgotten, data portability, privacy, and data protection principles must not be compromised or neglected. The following examples below list just three common ways that these five objectives were not met in many internet applications.Firstly, one such risk is that a user's personal information might not be directly known, but it could be revealed through lots data collection from different sources or even uncover new information, thus violating the users privacy. A person who does not wish to be recognized online can therefore be identified through such means. Secondly, the paper details that many applications only consider the installation of ââ¬Å"information security, privacy and data protectionâ⬠only as an afterthought, rather than in the beginning, at the drawing board.This compromises the application's security and the users privacy substantially, as he capabilities of these measures would be reduced. Thirdly, with the advent of cloud computing and social networking services, the likelihood of users becoming ââ¬Å"locked-inâ⬠to a particular TIT service provider increases because it becomes more difficult to import and export their information to other service providers. The lack of data portability here also means that users do not have control over their own data. The paper mentions that there are t-von. O general principles that should be followed in the policy making of TIT. Firstly, the TIT should not ââ¬Å"violate human identity, human integrity, human rights, privacy or individual or public berriesâ⬠. Secondly, individuals should have control of all their p ersonal information created or processed within the TIT, unless such an action violates the first principle. With regards to this, the paper illustrated four methods to reaching the objectives: 1 . Privacy, data protection and information security risk management 2. Privacy by design and Privacy by default 3.Data protection legislation: harmonistic/coherent application/enhanced enforcement 4. Standardization Each of the above four options address various challenges related to TIT. The first option is not simply a technology-focused idea, as the paper states that it loud also be important to look into other measures, such as legal, regulatory, procedural and organizational. The main idea of this option is to avoid leaving said protection measures till the end of the development process as an afterthought, but to be included at the planning stage, with an adherence to best practices to avoid or reduce common risks.The second option operates on the basis that while the technology might not be the factor that puts privacy and security at risk, but the way that it is created and implemented. It claims that applications should not collect data necessary to its functions, and that users should be made aware of what information would be gathered from them as well as what said information would be used for. Users should also be informed on how to exercise their rights, and the applications should adhere to data protection principles.The flashlight application example mentioned before was in clear violation of this, and this real life example further enforces the need for an option such as this. From the technical standpoint, the paper states that personal data protection should be defined, such as in-built privacy options and mechanisms to inform ND educate users on data processing, although the challenge would be to do such things while operating within limited processing power and/or memory of the applications.The third option focuses on the legal aspect of data prot ection, such as strengthening, clarifying and harmonize the powers of data protection authorities in order to make sure that all legislations are enforced, and not just pick and choose specific laws to be followed. The paper also states that violations should be sanctioned significantly to deter people from making applications that would neglect such issues. This is to ensure transparency of applications and for users to have control over their own data.The ââ¬Å"concept of indirectly identifiable dataâ⬠also has to be improved and elucidated to avoid uncertainty in legislations. The last option, standardization, allows ease of conformity with legal requirements and certification due to the clarity provided from it, thus being cap bled of educating users on how to exercise their rights and allowing them to make informed choices. One weakness with standardization is that ââ¬Å"standards are voluntary and non-bindingâ⬠, and thus it might not be very effective. It would req uire measures which are more binding.The impact of these options is the building of trust between consumers and the applications. Trust is important in this online environment because without trust, consumers are less likely to buy and use new applications, thus slowing progress of the invention of new technologies, economic growth, and cause the public sector to take longer to benefit from digitizing its services. The paper concludes that having a binding law with more data protection enforcement is the best option to achieve the goals for TIT to ensure that the applications are trustworthy and compliant with user rights.
Sunday, September 29, 2019
The Visit (play) by Friedrich Dürrenmatt
The story opens with the town of Guellen (which literally means ââ¬Å"excrementâ⬠) preparing for the arrival of famed millionairess Claire Zachanassian. The town is in a state of disrepair, and the residents are suffering considerable hardship and poverty. They hope that Claire, a native of the small town, will provide them with much-needed funds. Alfred Ill, the owner of Guellen's general store and the most popular man in town, was Claire's lover when they were young, and agrees with the Mayor that the task of convincing her to make a donation should fall to him.As the town gathers at the railway station to prepare for Claire's arrival, they are met with an unexpected surprise when Claire steps off of an earlier train. She is grand, grotesque, and fantastic, and is accompanied by two henchmen, her husband, a butler, and two eunuchs, along with a coffin, a caged black panther, and various pieces of luggage. She begins a flirtatious exchange with Ill, and they promptly revisit t heir old haunts: Petersen's Barn and Konrad's Village Wood. Ill finds her as delightful as ever, though they are both now in their sixties and significantly overweight. Claire draws Ill's attention to her prosthetic leg and artificial hand.After settling into the Golden Apostle Hotel, Claire joins the rest of the town, who have gathered outside for a homecoming celebration. A band plays, gymnasts perform, and the Mayor gives a speech. Claire takes the opportunity to announce that she will make a donation of one million dollars, half for the town and half to be shared among the families. The townspeople are overjoyed, but their happiness is dampened when Claire's Butler steps forward to reveal her condition. The Butler was once the Lord Chief Justice of Guellen, and had overseen the paternity suit that Claire had brought against Ill in 1910.In the suit, Ill had produced two false witnesses (who have since been transformed into Claire's eunuchs), and the court had ruled in his favor. Ill went on to marry Matilda, who owned the general store, and Claire moved to Hamburg and became a prostitute. She declares to the townspeople that she has come to Guellen to prove that justice can, indeed, be bought. Her donation is conditional on Ill's death. When the Mayor refuses, the town cheers in support, but Claire states rather ominously, ââ¬Å"I'll wait.â⬠Ill feels generally confident about his status in the town.However, as time passes, he begins to feel troubled about their growing discontent, and then increasingly fearful as he begins to notice the proliferation of new yellowà shoes on the feet of the townsmen, and the fact that everyone seems to be purchasing especially expensive items on credit. He goes to see the Policeman to demand that he arrest Claire for having threatened his life, but the Policeman tells him that the threat is nonsense. Ill then turns to the Mayor, who echoes similar sentiments. Both figures are armed, because Claire's black panther ha s escaped from his cage and is prowling about the town.This only feeds Ill's fear, since ââ¬Å"my black pantherâ⬠was Claire's pet name for him in their youth. He runs to see the Priest, but the Priest seems to be turning away from him as well, as he effectively ignores Ill's fears and instead draws attention to the magnificent new church bell. Slowly, the standard of living in the town rises, even though the townspeople continue to assure Ill that he is safe. Claire then receives the news that her black panther has been killed, and she has a funeral song played in its memory. In an effort to escape, Ill heads to the railway station, but finds that, strangely, the entire town is gathered there. They ask him where he is going, and he says that he is planning to move to Australia.They wish him well, again assuring him that he has nothing to fear in Guellen, but Ill grows increasingly nervous nonetheless. The train arrives, but he decides not to board, believing that someone will stop him anyway. Paralyzed, he collapses in the crowd, crying, ââ¬Å"I'm lost!â⬠After some time passes and Claire weds a new husband in the Guellen Cathedral, the Doctor and the Schoolmaster go to see her and explain that the townspeople have run up considerable debts since her arrival. The Schoolmaster appeals to her sense of humanity and begs her to abandon her desire for vengeance and help the town out of the goodness of her heart. She reveals to them that she already actually owns all of properties in the town, and that she is the reason the businesses have been shut down and caused stagnation and poverty for the citizens.The Doctor and the Schoolmaster are aghast at this revelation. In the meantime, Ill has been pacing the room above the general store, his terror growing as the townspeople buy more and more expensive products on credit. News reporters, having received word of Claire's imminent wedding, are everywhere, and they enter the store to get the scoop on Ill, ha ving heard that he was Claire's lover back in the day. The Schoolmaster, drunk, tries to inform the press about Claire's cruel proposal, but the townspeople stop him. Finally Ill descends the stairs, surprised at the hubbub, butà quiet. The reporters clear the room when they hear that Claire has just divorced the man she has just married, and has found a new lover.After the confusion has cleared, the Schoolmaster and Ill have an honest discussion. The Schoolmaster explains that he is certain that Ill will be killed, and admits that he will ultimately join the ranks of the murderers. Ill calmly states that he has accepted his guilt, and acknowledges that the town's suffering is his fault. The Schoolmaster leaves, and Ill is confronted by the Mayor, who asks whether Ill will accept the town's judgment at that evening's meeting. Ill says that he will. The Mayor then suggests that Ill make things easier on everyone and shoot himself, but Ill refuses, insisting that the town must go th rough the process of actually judging and then killing him.Ill goes for a ride in his son's newly-purchased car, accompanied by his wife, Matilda, and his daughter, both of whom are wearing new outfits. As they drive through Konrad's Village Wood, Ill says that he is going to go for a walk through the woods before heading to the town meeting. His family continues on to the movie theater. In the woods, Ill comes across Claire, who is walking with her newest husband. She asks her husband to leave so that she and Ill can speak privately. They reminisce about the past, and make plans for the future. Claire tells Ill that she plans to take his body away in the coffin to a mausoleum in Capri that overlooks the Mediterranean.She also tells Ill that she has never stopped loving him, but that over time her love has grown into something monstrous. The town meeting is flooded with press, and the town publicly announces their acceptance of Claire's donation. They then go through the formality o f a vote, which is unanimous, and the Mayor states that they have Ill to thank for their new-found wealth. The press is then ushered out of the auditorium to enjoy refreshments. The doors are locked, and the lights are dimmed. The Priest crosses Ill, and he is killed by the townsmen. Just as a reporter reappears in the auditorium, the Doctor announces that Ill has died from a heart attack.The reporters gather, and declare that Ill has died from joy. Claire examines the corpse, gives the Mayor his check, and leaves the town with Ill's body in the coffin that she brought with her when she arrived in Guellen. Claire boards the train at the railway station, and the visit comes to an end.
Saturday, September 28, 2019
Internship paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words
Internship paper - Essay Example For this stage, I have been in communication with the owner, Inka Kardys and a support staff that handles human resources administration (Kardys is also the manager and would be my immediate supervisor throughout my internship). Here, I was asked to provide a lot of personal information as much as I was required to provide my skills and capabilities. There was a lot of focus on the interview and afterwards, it was all formality. I passed and was requested to relocate, then start my training. I started to work at Umbruch in July 1, 2009. I was required to deliver at least 40 hours per week just like any of their ordinary employee. I have to be in the office at 8 in the morning till 5 in the afternoon. I have to work there five days a week. As previously mentioned, I worked for Kardys, the firmââ¬â¢s manager. And so my responsibilities were mainly to assist her as he does her managerial duties as well as other tasks that she would assign me to do. From July until August 16 2009, the last day of my internship, I was subjected to a structured training which covered those duties that are related to all the operations of various departments in the company. For the first half of week, I underwent orientation and familiarization of the workplace. The orientation focused on the nature of the company and how individual employees could contribute in the firms organizational objectives. It was very thorough and by the end of this stage, I have a fairly sufficient knowledge in regard to the company, their products and services, how they work and the organizationsââ¬â¢ goals and objectives. During this stage, I noticed that the process seem to want to inculcate in the employee the corporate culture and organizational values which I found to be important in how I dispensed with my duties and responsibilities as an employee. It was all very clear
Friday, September 27, 2019
IFRS and GAAP Convergence Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words
IFRS and GAAP Convergence - Term Paper Example International Accounting Standard Board issues the IFRS. Over 100 countries across the world have completely adopted IFRS. European Union, New Zealand, Australia and Russia are the prominent examples (Garg, 2010). GAAP GAAP exhibits fair, complete and clear financial operation of the enterprise. It comprises of authoritative pronouncement issued by several accounting bodies. GAAP is a set of rules, concepts, conversions and procedures to denote accepted accounting practices at a specified time. The corporate accounts and the financial statements are presented in accordance with the GAAP. It considers the conceptual framework of financial statements, accounting principles, Income Tax Act and most importantly requirements of the regulatory bodies of a country (Sangani, 2010). Convergence In this case, the term ââ¬Ëconvergenceââ¬â¢ implies the harmonization of the accounting standards. ... Companies across the world have already acknowledged the importance of the adoption of global accounting standards or the convergence. Most of the countries used local GAAP and recently adopted IFRS. Meanwhile there are few countries that are still reported to be under both the accounting standards. It is really time consuming and costly way to report financial records as conversion take much time and moreover it creates uncertainties among the users of the financial reports. Therefore, it can be suggested that countries should go for convergence. The US is in the planning phase of the convergence of the IFRS and the US GAAP, as according to the work plan of the SEC it will take another four to five years for complete convergence. Impact of the Convergence Impact of the convergence differs from companies to companies. It mainly depends upon the nature of the business. It is evident that the number of users of financial reporting is quite higher for the public companies in comparison to the private companies. Hence, impact of convergence on public companies will be higher as well. Several elements exist in the financial statements of the public companies and therefore, a few expertises are required to interpret the data. At the same time, level of difficulty is also high due to the responsibilities of the finance manager. At the planning phase of the convergence or during the convergence, companies need to report under both the accounting standards and it increases the complications for both the finance managers and the users of the financial statements. This issue is mostly faced by the multinational companies. They need to prepare financial
Thursday, September 26, 2019
Corporate Social Responsibility Programs Marketing Managers Essay
Corporate Social Responsibility Programs Marketing Managers - Essay Example While obeying law and economic interest, a social responsible business is involved in social activities that improve society. It does not appear that the responsibilities of a corporation to society, their employees, customers, suppliers, and the communities or shareholders in which they service are in practice According to Robbins, a social responsible business pursues long goals that are good for society and cause no harm. Marketing managers, as moral agents, are required to make practical and as well as ethical decisions. In doing so, managers have to do what is right because it is their responsibility. Why do marketing managers need to ensure that their companies operate visible Corporate Social Responsibility programs (CSR) CSR should be of high priority. This will give managers the opportunity to display their value throughout the company. Public opinion supports corporations pursuing economic and social goals. Social responsible companies tend to have secured long run of profits. Social responsible activities are simply the right thing to do. Seeking social goals create an attractive public image for businesses. Involvement in social programs helps to solve social problems. Addressing social problems before they become serious and costly will definitely benefit the society as a whole. A socially responsible corporation can normally expect minimum government regulations. Regarding stockholder interests, being social responsible will increase a corporation's stock prices in the long run. And many successful businesses have huge profits that will support charitable projects that n eed funding (Robbins, 2005, Page102). Elfren Sicangco Cruz states that there many definitions of corporate social responsibility. According to the World Business Council for Sustainable Development, CSR is a continuing commitment by business to behave ethically while contributing to economic development; improving the quality of life for workers and their families; the local community and society at large. Mallen Baker suggests that corporate management business processes are to make an overall positive impact on society. The International Organization of Employers says CSR is a voluntary positive initiative by businesses that look beyond legal aspects in economic, social, and environmental areas. Michael Hopkins, in A Plantary Bargain: CSR Comes of Age, goes on to say that corporate social responsibility is the treatment of stakeholders both in and outside the corporation. Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is fundamental to a long term, comprehensive approach to business success. CSR has become one of the benchmarks of an organization's overall success. Corporations as well as their marketing managers need to ensure that every aspect of their performance reflect the values, interests and expectations of society. Why Social responsible activities affect a company's economic performance. There are findings from research studies that can fully explain the importance of corporate social responsibility programs. In such studies, there appears to be little evidence that a company's social activities harm long term economic performance. Companies are reporting that there is positive relationship between social responsibility and economic performance. Marketing managers should, however, certainly consider social goals as they plan, organize, lead and control their company's operations. Corporation can implement CSR at many levels.
A Christmas Carol by Chales Dickens Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words
A Christmas Carol by Chales Dickens - Essay Example The problems included poverty, overwork and insanitary housing which were faced by the middle class, affecting their bodily and spiritual health. In A Christmas Carol, the family was however happy and contented with one another, looking happier in the partying mood. Scrooge on his part kept a close eye on the last of the children, Tiny Tim (Charles 2012). The rise of masses in this period benefited the actual masses as a result of working together and uniting in fighting their problems. Their moral and religious union was maintained. For instance, in the story A Christmas Carol, Cratchitââ¬â¢s family is portrayed as one buried in poverty. They were poorly dressed in scanty clothes and leaking shoes. Like in the Cratchitââ¬â¢s family, Mr. Scrooge, the Founder of the Feast, is predicted as a character liked by the others. They tend to celebrate him, and continue feasting on this Christmas day despite their problems. However, Mr. Scrooge is portrayed as the Ogre of the family, who se name threatens everyone in the party. Leisure and sport were other phenomena that characterized this period. The two represented cultural products of a changed and hierarchical society. Leisure was appreciated as an activity which allowed people to enjoy their lifestyles, giving them the freedom from the politics of the time. For instance, the situation of poverty and sufferings did not deter Cratchit family from loving each other and embracing the happy moments, such as that of Christmas. In conclusion, it can be seen that problems and suffering should not be a limit to peopleââ¬â¢s joy and merry-making. The Cratchit family is such a family beating all odds to make a happy moment for all. They have forgotten all their sufferings and engaged in leisure and feasting. The citizens as represented by the Cratchit family were full of love, affection and social warmth for each other. The values formed the basis for demand for greater human selflessness. Their
Wednesday, September 25, 2019
Helping Children through Divorce Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words
Helping Children through Divorce - Essay Example Parental education about divorce, interventions designed to help children open up, discuss issues and to acquire problem solving skills as well as peer support do help. Schools are important in helping a child to adjust. This essay presents a discussion about ways to help children through a divorce or a reorganization of their family. The Western world, including United States of America and Canada, continues to experience a disturbing trend that shows high divorce rates (Harvey, 2003, pp. 3). In the 1960s, three out of ten marriages were likely to end in a divorce in the United States of America, but the divorce rate increased to five out of ten in 1975. This rate continued to persist until recently, when an increase in the number of couples living together without getting married skewed the marriage and divorce statistics (Jayson, 2005, Paragraph 1). Those who are living together can break up without causing much of a stir and this means that close relationships remain fragile. Thus, the Western world in general and the United States in particular, continue to experience weak family structures with high rates of solo parenting. Research suggests that the impact of a divorce on children is often devastating, because of divided loyalties between parents, the emotional and financial tensions, split families with former spouses living apart and continued conflict between parents (Harvey, 2003, pp. 3 ââ¬â 6) and (McCormick-Wege, 2001, pp. 14 ââ¬â 17). More than a million children in the United States of America now become children of divorce every year and these children are more likely to develop psychological problems compared to others, even if their financial and economic support continues. Children of divorce experience adjustment problems that do vary depending on the age, developmental maturity, gender, the time since the divorce and the nature of the support systems
Tuesday, September 24, 2019
An individual report which debates a contemporary issue in E-Business Case Study
An individual report which debates a contemporary issue in E-Business - Case Study Example Moreover, the case studies that will be utilized will be that of the 2013 annual reports from Yahoo, Google, and Microsoft. By analyzing these recent annual reports, it is the hope of this particular student that the reader will be able to gain a level of inference concerning how security issues and legal issues are represented within these and serve to define the approach to the market that these companies are taking. Rather than these two particular issues serving as considerations for the way in which business is conducted within three of the largest tech companies within the United States, is the understanding of this particular analyst that these see concerns are so intrinsically important that they are not only represented as focus point for business development but serve as a fundamental definition for how these companies engage with the market and develop their current and existing, as well as future, strategies for continuing to remain profitable. As one of the most profitable and successful pioneers of the computer operating system, Microsoft has long placed a high emphasis on the importance of security and dedicated entire teams and departments towards ensuring that this particular goal is accomplished (Dvorak, 2012). However, as with many companies, the failures of Microsoft to ensure a completely and entirely secure experience for its users, and the lapses in overall security that have come to be tabloid sensations over the past several decades, has created a difficult situation for Microsoft as it seeks to transition towards a new dynamic for engaging profitability. As the annual report of 2013 for the Microsoft Corporation indicates, the company is deliberately shifting towards a more service oriented approach to the market (Foley, 2012). This does not indicate that Microsoft windows or other long time/profitable engagements will cease to exist; however, the means by which the user engages
Sunday, September 22, 2019
PEST(LE) Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1
PEST(LE) Analysis - Essay Example In UK market, there is further scope of growth for the company. UKââ¬â¢s consumer market demand is well aligned with business strategies of IKEA. The company has been able to secure desirable market share due to its effective cost control strategies, continuous new product development and competitive operational procedure. IKEA is inclined towards offering low prices to customers for its wide array of innovative products. According to Allen (2006), PESTEL analysis is a strategic tool that helps to determine key drivers of change present in the business environment. The main components of this tool are political, economic, social, technological, environmental and legal factors. Political factors stands for government policy which directly impacts workplace environment, technology quality, health and safety conditions, etc. Economic conditions include interest rates, rate of economic growth and taxation charges. Social factors relate to all possible events which are affecting community and market socially (Allen, 2006). As per Das and Teng (2009), it comprises of population dynamics, cultural expectations, norms, health consciousness, etc. Technology factor states that new products or processes are developed with the support of advanced technology. This factor facilitates quality enhancement, innovation and reduction in overall costs. Legal aspect corresponds to legislative and regulatory framework tha t governs countries of operations or respective product areas. Environmental factors encompass changes in climate and weather. Environmental awareness is an area of concern for all business organizations (Das and Teng, 2009). Research methodology lays the foundation for any research study. Any study can be classified as quantitative or qualitative research study. Quantitative study deals with market related data which can be statistically analyzed. On the other hand, qualitative study is opinions or views of experts. There are two
Saturday, September 21, 2019
Khaled Hosseini Essay Example for Free
Khaled Hosseini Essay The story is about Amir and Hassan, a Hazara. They spend their days in a peaceful Kabul, kite fighting, roaming the streets and being boys. Amirââ¬â¢s father loves both the boys, but seems critical of Amir for not being manly enough. Amir also fears his father blames him for his motherââ¬â¢s death during childbirth. However, he has a kind father figure in the form of Rahim Khan, Babaââ¬â¢s friend, who understands Amir better, and is supportive of his interest in writing stories. Assef, a mean and violent older boy, blames Amir for socializing with a Hazara. According to Assef, the Hazaras were an inferior race that should only live in Hazarajat. He prepares to attack Amir with his steel knuckles, but Hassan bravely stands up to him, and threatens to shoot Assef in the eye with his slingshot. Assef and his friends back off, but Assef says he will take revenge. Hassan is a successful kite runner for Amir. He knows where the kite will land without even watching it. One triumphant day, Amir wins the local tournament, and finally Babas praise. Hassan goes to run the last cut, it was a great trophy. Hassan then said For you, a thousand times over. Unfortunately, Hassan runs into Assef and his two henchmen. Hassan refuses to give up Amirs kite, so Assef exacts his revenge, assaulting and raping him. Wondering why Hassan is taking so long, Amir searches for Hassan and hides when he hears Assefs voice. He witnesses the rape but is too scared to help him. Afterwards, for some time Hassan and Amir keep a distance from each other. Amir reacts differently because he feels ashamed, and is frustrated by Hassans saint-like behavior. Already jealous of Babas love for Hassan, Amir worries if Baba knew how bravely Hassan defended Amirs kite, and how cowardly Amir acted, that Babas love for Hassan would grow even more. To force Hassan to leave, Amir frames him as a thief, and Hassan falsely confesses. Baba forgives him, despite the fact that, as he explained earlier, he believes that there is no act more wretched than stealing. Hassan and his father Ali, leave anyway. Hassans departure frees Amir of the daily reminder of his betrayal, but he still lives with his guilt. Five years later, the Russians invade Afghanistan; Amir and Baba escape to Peshawar, Pakistan and then to Fremont, California, where Amir and Baba, settle in an apartment and Baba works at a gas station. Amir eventually takes classes at a local community college to develop his writing skills. Every Sunday, Baba and Amir make extra money selling used goods at a flea market in San Jose. There, Amir meets fellow refugee Soraya and Sorayas father, who was a high-ranked officer in Afghanistan. Baba is diagnosed with cancer but is still capable of granting Amir one last favor: he asks Sorayas fathers permission for Amir to marry her. He agrees and they marry. Shortly thereafter Baba dies. Amir and Soraya get to know that they cannot have children. Fifteen years after his wedding, Amir receives a call from Rahim Khan, who is dying from an illness. Rahim Khan asks Amir to come to Pakistan. He tells Amir there is a way to be good again. Amir goes. Ali was killed by a land mine. Hassan had a wife and a son, named Sohrab, and had returned to Babaââ¬â¢s house as a caretaker at Rahim Khanââ¬â¢s request. One day the Taliban murdered Hassan, along with his wife. Rahim Khan reveals that Ali was not really Hassans father. Hassan was actually the son of Baba, therefore Amirs half-brother. Rahim Khan tells Amir that the true reason he has called Amir to Pakistan is to go to Kabul to rescue Hassans son, Sohrab, from an orphanage. Amir returns to a Taliban-controlled Kabul with a guide, Farid, and searches for Sohrab at the orphanage. He does not find Sohrab where he was supposed to be. The director of the orphanage tells them that a Taliban official comes often, brings cash and usually takes a girl back with him. Once in a while however, he takes a boy, recently Sohrab. The director tells Amir to go to a soccer match and the man who does the speeches is the man who took Sohrab. Farid manages to secure an appointment with the speaker at his home, by saying that he and Amir have personal business with him. At the house, Amir has his meeting with the man in sunglasses. The man is revealed to be his childhood enemy, Assef. Assef is aware of Amirs identity from the very beginning, but Amir doesnt realize who hes sitting across until Assef starts asking about Ali, Baba and Hassan. Sohrab is being kept at the home where he is made to dance dressed in womens clothes, and it seems like Assef might have been sexually assaulting him. Assef agrees to release him, but only for a price a fight with Amir. Amir is the protagonist of the story. He lives with his father, while his mother died when he was born. He has trouble getting attention and love from his father. He is best friends with Hassan, and the story follows him from the time he is a child to adult. He is good at school, but he is a boy who is struggling to get his father to be happy, he feels that he is the disappointment of his father. He characterizes himself as a coward, with little purpose. He changes his personal beliefs twice throughout the history. First time when Hassan is raped, after the event he is not talking with Hassan because of his guilt and gets Hassan kicked out of the house. The second is when he goes back to Afghanistan to retrieve the son of Hassan. As an adult, he proved what he can do, and is presented as a man with so much courage that no one else ever had. Hassan is the son of Ali, who is the servant of Baba. Hassan is a Hazara and he is often discriminated against and oppressed by others. Hassan is brave, loyal and always protects Amir. Since Hassan has not gone to school, he learns to read and write from Ali. Hes doing what hes told. He is incredibly loyal to Amir. When Amir accuses him of stealing his watch, he said to Baba that he was the one who took it, without Amir asking him about it. Hassan is the character that changes at least throughout the history. Assef is the evil character in this book. He hates Hazaras, which is shown clearly in the book. Therefore, he is looking for Amir. He believes that it is his fault that Hassan lives with him. He is the one that causes problems between the childhood friends Amir and Hassan. We have two turning points in this book. The first comes when Hassan is sexually abused by Assef and his gang. It changes the friendship of Amir and Hassan. Amir stops talking with Hassan because he feels ashamed and feels that he has betrayed Hassan. The second turning point comes when Rahim Khan calls Amir. Amir changes and realizes that he can make things better. He decides to find Sohrab and get him to safety. This is the structure of the story. The story starts with a short introduction where the narrator tells us a little about himself and Kabul. Then we get more excitement and we get the climax. The climax is when Hassan got raped by Assef. Anything could happen at that point because Amir was looking at everything that happened. The excitement fell down after that incident because Hassan and Ali left the house, but it became more and more interesting after that because the Russians invaded Afghanistan and Amir had to leave Afghanistan. That was a big change in the story. Once again we got a climax when Amir stood face to face against Assef. He had a chance to take revenge now. This was our presentation of ââ¬Ëââ¬â¢The Kite Runnerââ¬â¢Ã¢â¬â¢. We have told you a little about the plot, the characters, the turning-points, climax, the setting, the themes and the message in the book. I will end the presentation by talking about my opinion about the book. I loved this book. It has a good structure, the content is really good and you donââ¬â¢t want to stop reading. I donââ¬â¢t like to read books, but this book was special. Sources:The Kite Runnerhttps://thekyterunner. wikispaces. com/Dragel%C3%B8peren| http://www. smartguy. no/klaer/t-shirt/t-shirt-logo/marinebla_polo-ralph-lauren-t-shirt_179718_21 http://www. smartguy. no/klaer/t-shirt/poloshirt/hvit_lacoste-poloskjorte_175476_3 http://www. smartguy. no/klaer/t-shirt/poloshirt/mellembla_tommy-hilfiger-poloshirt_187632_74 http://www. smartguy. no/klaer/t-shirt/poloshirt/svart_hugo-boss-orange-poloskjorte_182674_4 http://www. smartguy. no/klaer/jeans-bukser/bukser/sand_vito-chino_192150_27 http://karrierestart. no/jobb? jobtype=2municipality=89page=5 http://www. free-tv-video-online. me/internet/the_ellen_degeneres_show/season_10. html http://www. handelsportal. no/butikk/iphone-4-4s/iphone-4-deksel-og-etui http://max100. no/index. php? route=product/productpath=20_64_67product_id=292.
Friday, September 20, 2019
Overview Of Beethoven And Mozart Music Essay
Overview Of Beethoven And Mozart Music Essay According to Mozarts Magic Flute and Beethoven (2004), During the XVIII century in some countries (Italy, Germany, Austria, France) results the formation of new genres and forms of instrumental music, was finally formed and reached its climax in the so-called Viennese classical school. Viennese classical school, organically absorbed the advanced achievements of the national musical culture, was itself deeply national phenomenon, rooted in the democratic culture of the Austrian people.à Representatives of the artistic direction have been V.A.à Mozart and L. van Beethoven.à Each of them was a bright personality.à Mozarts style was more typical lyric-dramatic start.à The style of Beethoven was the embodiment of heroic pathos of struggle.à However, along with the differences which result in unique individuality of each of these composers, their combined realism, life-affirming and democratic beginning. Art of Viennese classics made into world music a powerful jet of realistic and democratic, based on the wealth of folk art, and because it has preserved for us all of its value and artistic significance. Creativity of Mozart occupies a special place in the Viennese Classical School.à In his classic works of rigor and clarity of form united with deep emotion.à Music composer is close to the directions in the culture of the second half of the XVIII century. Also, there were converted to human feelings Storm and Stress, part sentimentalism, and by Mozart was first shown the contradictory inner world of the individual. According to SolomonHYPERLINK http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maynard_Solomon HYPERLINK http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maynard_SolomonMaynardà (1995), Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was born in Salzburg (Austria).à With a phenomenal musical ear and memory, he was already in his early childhood, he learned to play the harpsichord, and in five years, wrote the first essay.à First teacher of the future composer was his father, Leopold Mozart Orchestra Musician Archbishop of Salzburg.à Mozart brilliantly mastered not only the harpsichord, but also organ and violin, and was famous as a brilliant improviser.à When he was six years old, he toured Europe.à At eleven, he created the first opera Apollo et Hyacinthus, and fourteen had already conducted in a theater in Milan at the premiere of his own opera Mitridate, King of Pontus. Around the same time, he was elected a member of the Philharmonic Academy of Bologna. Like many musicians of that era, Mozart was on the court service (1769-1781) he was the accompanist and organist for the Archbishop of Salzburg.à However, the independent character of the wizard causes a sharp displeasure with the archbishop, and Mozart chose to leave the service.à Of the outstanding composers of the past he was the first who chose to live as a free artist.à In 178,1à Mozart moved to Vienna, where he had a family.à He earned rare editions of his own, piano lessons and performances. Particular attention is paid to Mozart opera.à His works are an epoch in the development of this kind of music.à Opera has attracted the composer by the opportunity to show the relationship of people, their feelings and aspirations. Mozart did not try to create a new operatic form novel itself was his music.à In the mature works of the composer abandoned the strict demarcation of the opera on a serious and comic there was music and drama performance in which these elements are intertwined.à As a consequence, in the operas of Mozart has not unambiguously positive and negative characters, the characters are vibrant and multifaceted, not bound by the role. Mozart often turned to literary sources.à So the opera Le Nozze di Figaro (1786) was written on the play by French playwright Beaumarchais Crazy Day or The Marriage of Figaro, which was banned by the censor.à The main theme of the opera is love, which, however, can be said of all the works of Mozart.à However, there is in the product and the social implications: Figaro and his beloved Susanna are smart and energetic, but they are of humble origin. They were only servants in the house of Count Almaviva.à Their opposition to master (stupid and fooled aristocrat) elicits the sympathy of the author it is clear that he was on the side of love. In the opera Don Giovanni (1787), he received his musical incarnation of the medieval story of the seducer.à Energetic, temperamental, capricious and free of all moral norms, the hero confronts in the face of a Commander of a higher power, a symbol of reasonable order.à Philosophical generalization neighbors here with amorous intrigues and genre and household items.à Tragic and the comic form an indissoluble unity.à It would seem that justice prevails in the final sin (Don Giovanni) punished. But the music of the opera is thinner and harder this simplified understanding of the product: it gives the listener sympathy for the hero, remains true to herself even in the face of death. Philosophical tale The Magic Flute (1791) was written in the zingshpil genre.à The main idea of the work the inevitable victory of good over evil, calls for fortitude, to love, to understand its ultimate meaning.à Heroes of the opera are serious tests (silence, fire, water), but worthy of overcoming them and reach a realm of beauty and harmony. As a representative of the Viennese Classical School,à Mozart attached great importance to the genre of the symphony.à Especially popular are the last three symphonies Thirty-ninth, fortieth and forty-first (Jupiter), created in 1788.à Works of this genre finally anchored four-part cycle, and the rules of the sonata form. Symphonies by Mozart include a variety of subtle emotional nuances.à Topics are often uneven in nature, challenging the rhythm, sometimes accompanied by sharp run harmonies, but the music remains honed, clear form. According to SolomonHYPERLINK http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maynard_Solomon HYPERLINK http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maynard_SolomonMaynardà (1995), Mozart also became one of the founders of the genre of classical concert.à The basis of competition concert soloist and orchestra, and this process is always subject to strict logic.à Composer has written twenty-seven concerts for piano and orchestra, and seven for violin and orchestra.à In some works of listeners struck a masterly skill, festivity, in other dramatic and emotional contrasts. Mozart piano works include nineteen sonatas, in which he continued to develop the sonata form, as well as essays in the genre of fantasy (of music based on improvisation and free form).à The composer refused harpsichord and clavichord, in comparison with the piano softer, but weak sound.à Mozart piano style was a clear, elegant, with well crafted melodies and accompaniment. Mozart composed the music very easily, sometimes without drafts, creating works, unsurpassed in artistic beauty and harmony.à Musicians, contemporaries appreciated talents of Mozart, but most of the aristocratic audience did not understand his work, and in recent years, the composers life did not take at all.à Mozart died in poverty and was buried in Vienna in a common grave. Music should strike a light from the human breast a word of German composer Ludwig van Beethoven, whose works belong to the highest achievements of musical culture. Beethovens worldview evolved under the influence of the Enlightenment ideals of freedom and the French Revolution.à The music of his work on the one hand, continued the tradition of Viennese classicism, on the other depicted features of the new romantic art.à From classicism in the works of Beethoven upland content, excellent possession musical forms, genres appeal to the symphonies and sonatas.à From Romanticism is depicted bold experimentation in the field of these genres, the interest in vocal and piano miniatures. According to Peter J.à Davies (2002), Ludwig van Beethoven was born in Bonn (Germany) in a family court musician.à He began studying music since childhood under the guidance of his father.à However, the present mentor, Beethoven was a composer, conductor and organist.à He taught the young musician of composition, taught to play the clavier and organ.à With eleven years of Beethoven served as assistant organist at the church, then the court organist, accompanist to the opera house in Bonn.à At eighteen he entered the University of Bonn in the Department of Philosophy, but did not finish it. In 1792,à Beethoven moved to Vienna.à He took music lessons from Haydn, Albrechtsberger, Salieri (the biggest musicians of the era). Beethoven soon began giving concerts, became popular.à He wrote a lot: he wrote sonatas, concertos for piano and orchestra, symphonies. For a long time, no one guessed that Beethoven was struck with a serious illness he began losing hearing.à Convinced of the incurable illness, the composer decided to retire from life and in 1802à prepared a will, which explained the reasons for his decision. However, Beethoven was able to overcome despair and found the strength to write music on.à Exit from the crisis was the third (Eroica) Symphony. In 1803-1808à composer also worked on the creation of the sonatas, in particular the Ninth for violin and piano (1803), Twenty-Three for piano, Fifth and Sixth Symphonies (both of 1808). Sixth (Pastoral) Symphony is subtitled Memoirs of rural life.à This work paints a different state of the human soul, suspended for the time of the inner experiences and struggles.à It was symphony of the feelings arising from contact with the natural world and rural life.à Its unusual structure had five parts instead of four.à In the symphony there are elements of fine art, onomatopoeia (birds singing, thunder, etc.).à Beethovens findings were subsequently used by many Romantic composers. Premiere of the symphony took place in 1825à at the Vienna Opera House.à To implement the authors intention theater orchestra was not enough, we had to invite fans: Twenty-four violins, ten violas, twelve cellos and basses.à For the Viennese classical orchestra, such a train, it was unusually powerful.à In addition, each choir parts (bass, tenor, alto and soprano) include twenty four singers, which also exceeded the conventional norm. During the life of Beethovens Ninth Symphony for many remains unclear, she admired only by those who knew him closely the composer and his students and educated in music listeners.à Over time, the symphony began to include in its repertoire the best orchestras of the world, and it has found new life. According to Peter J.à Davies (2002), Works of the late period was characterized by restraint of the senses and the philosophical depth that distinguishes them from the passionate and dramatic early writings.à During his life, Beethoven wrote 9 symphonies, 32 sonatas, 16 string quartets, the opera Fidelio, Missa Solemnis, 5 piano concertos and one for violin and orchestra, the overture, the individual pieces for different instruments. Surprisingly, many works (including the Ninth Symphony), the composer wrote when he was already completely deaf.à However, his recent works sonatas for piano and the quartet are great masterpieces of chamber music. Thus, I would like to say that Beethoven and Mozart affected classical music dramatically. It is difficult to overestimate their contribution and influence on the development of classical music.à Masters of this style sought to clear and strict forms, harmonious patterns, and the embodiment of high moral ideals. Higher, the finest examples of art works they considered an ancient art, so that worked out ancient stories and images. Vertex in the development of musical classicism was the work of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart and Ludwig van Beethoven, who worked mainly in Vienna and formed a line in the musical culture of the second half of XVIII early XIX century the Viennese Classical School. The composers of the Viennese classical school have created a very harmonious and logical system of rules of construction works.à Thanks to this system, the most complex feelings donned in a clear and perfect form.à Suffering and joy have become the subject of reflection for the composer, rather than experience.à The art of the Viennese classics has great value and artistic significance for all mankind.
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)